Literature and Language

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He lingered, poring on memorials
Of the world's youth, through the long burning day
Gazed on those speechless shapes. . . .

Percy Bysshe Shelley, Alastor, ll. 121-123

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Literature and Electronic Books

• British Poetry 1780-1910 -- A Hypertext Archive of Scholarly Editions: A project of the Electronic Text Center of Alderman Library at the University of Virginia, this Web site is an electronic library of scholarly editions of books of poetry produced between 1780 and 1900; many texts are illustrated, annotated, or both. Scholars interested in Romantic and Victorian literature and poetry are invited and encouraged to contribute.
  
  
• Children's Literature Sampler: Created and maintained by Glenn E. Estes -- professor and associate director of the School of Information Sciences at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville -- this Web site is "a source of information about books and related materials for children through Grade 8. Its purpose is to serve as a resource for students enrolled in the youth services concentration at the UTK School of Information Sciences and in-service personnel in classrooms and libraries throughout the region."
  
  
• Children's Literature Web Guide: Created and maintained by David K. Brown of the Doucette Library of Teaching Resources at the University of Calgary, this Web site offers extensive Internet resources related to books for children and young adults.
  
  
• Complete Works of William Shakespeare: Maintained by Jeremy Hylton, as a service by The Tech at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), this Web server contains the complete works of William Shakespeare. The site features a glossary; searchable texts; a chronological listing of plays; a listing of the plays by category; Bartlett's familiar quotations from Shakespeare; and a document of frequently asked questions (FAQ) about this server.
  
  
• Electronic Books: This Web site links to two other archives, Project Gutenberg and Project Libellus. Project Gutenberg is one of the main electronic book projects on the Internet. It takes books whose copyrights have expired and converts them into text files, with the goal of making them available to the general public at no charge. Project Libellus provides the Internet community with the texts of classical works, which have been left untranslated, and are formatted with TeX. Commentaries, teaching Aides, and limited utilities are also available. Classical authors represented include Caesar, Catullus, Cicero, Horace, Livy, Ovid, Propertius, Prudentius, Sallust, Tibullus, and Vergil.
  
  
• Else Lasker-Schüler: Over the last several months and despite my very weak German, I have become very interested in the enigmatic Jewish-German poet, Else Lasker-Schüler (1869-1945). This Web page, which is very much under construction, contains a time line of Lasker-Schüler's life and literary work, and brief selections of her poetry. (Any German text includes English translation.) I appreciate your patience as I continue my work on this page.
  
  
• English Server at Carnegie Mellon University: The English Server is a cooperative effort, managed by graduate students, faculty, and staff in the English Department at Carnegie Mellon University. The CMU English Server has published humanities texts on the Internet since 1990. This site also offers a Gopher server, Telnet conference line, FTP site, and electronic mailing lists.
  
  
• Great Books Home Page: Maintained by Malaspina University College (Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada), as part of its World Lecture Hall Study Center, this Web site presents a chronological listing of almost 150 authors -- from Aeschylus to Wordsworth -- and several hundred books. The site provides information about the authors; access to electronic copies of texts and bibliographies; related lectures from Malaspina University College; and, links to related sites.
  
  
• Heinrich Heine: In addition to my interest in Else Lasker-Schüler (as described above), I am very interested in the great Jewish-German poet, Heinrich Heine (1797-1856). This Web page, which still needs much work, offers a time line of Heine's life and literary work, and excerpts from his poetry. (Any German text includes English translation.) I appreciate your patience as I continue working on this page.
  
  
• Internet Poetry Archive: Sponsored by the University of North Carolina Press and created and edited by Paul Jones (assisted by Dykki Settle and Chris Colomb), this Web site offers works by the international poets Czeslaw Milosz and Seamus Heaney. The resources include photographs of the two poets, the texts of poems, and recordings of poetry being read.
  
  
• Literature -- By Author: This comprehensive site, which is indexed by author, offers a wide variety of English-language electronic texts -- with a few works in Latin. Authors represented at this site include Edwin A. Abbott, Louisa May Alcott, Jane Austen, L. Frank Baum, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Julius Caesar, Lewis Carroll, Geoffrey Chaucer, Kate Chopin, Frederick Douglass, George Eliot, Thomas Hardy, Somerset Maugham, Plato, William Shakespeare, Mary Shelley, Socrates, Leo Tolstoy, and Vergil.
  
  
• Project Bartleby -- The Public Library of the Internet: Maintained by Columbia University, this site contains many copyright-free, literary texts, including the 1901 edition of John Bartlett's Familiar Quotations; George Chapman's 1857 English translation of Homer's Odyssey; and, of course, Herman Melville's Bartleby, the Scrivener. Visitors will also find the 1918 edition of William Strunk's The Elements of Style, as well as the complete poetical works of several literary figures -- including my favorite English poet, Percy Bysshe Shelley.
  
  Note: If you share my interest in the poetry of Shelley, you may also be interested in visiting the Web site of the Keats-Shelley Journal, which is published annually by the Keats-Shelley Association of America. The site includes a description of the Journal; subscription information; tables of contents for the forthcoming issue, as well as the current and back issues; news and announcements; and links to related resources.
  
  
• The Tech Classics Archive: Maintained by Daniel C. Stevenson, as a service by The Tech at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), this Web server is a searchable archive of 375 classical Greek and Roman texts (in English translation). Visitors may browse the list of works by author, title, date, or translator. Authors represented include Homer, Herodotus, Thucydides, Vergil, Plato, Aristophanes, Aristotle, Demosthenes, Hesiod, Sophocles, and Xenophon.
  
  
• Voice of the Shuttle -- English Literature Page: Maintained by Alan Liu of Department of English at the University of California at Santa Barbara, this Web page offers several resources for researchers and, especially, teachers in the field of English literature. There are course syllabi and a wide range of teaching resources.
  
  

Reference Tools

• ACRONYM Dictionary: This on-line dictionary, compiled by Dave Sill of Martin Marietta Energy Systems, contains nearly 6,000 acronyms. The user enters an acronym and the dictionary displays the results; for example, if the user enters GAO, the system returns General Accounting Office.
  
  
• Hypertext Interface to Webster's Dictionary: This hypertext Webster interface provides access to the various Webster's English-language dictionary services on the Internet. Users type the word for which they want the definition; words in the resulting definition are hypertext-linked back into the dictionary, allowing users to access the definition of those related (and unrelated) words.
  
  
• Roget's Thesaurus: This on-line version of Roget's Thesaurus uses a searchable Gopher index. Visitors use the search function of their Web browser to enter search terms.

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Language is a perpetual Orphic song,
Which rules with Daedal harmony a throng
Of thoughts and forms, which else senseless
and shapeless were.

Percy Bysshe Shelley, Prometheus Unbound
Act IV, ll. 415-417

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Language

• Applied Linguistics Virtual Library: Maintained by Larry Selinker (Department of Applied Linguistics, Birkbeck College, University of London) and Alex Nunes (Venus Internet, Ltd.), the Applied Linguistics Virtual Library offers a variety of resources, including teaching and research institutions; short courses and workshops; societies and associations; conferences and seminiars; data archives; dissertations and theses; electronic journals and mailing lists; electronically available papers and publishers; job listings; and, links to related sites and indexes. (You may also wish to visit the World Wide Web Virtual Library of Linguistics, maintained by the LINGUIST electronic discussion list.)
  
  
• CELIA (Computer Enhanced Language Instruction Archives): CELIA is a collection of computer resources which are useful in teaching languages. The archive contains public domain, freeware, and shareware files, and includes Gopher links to other useful resources on the Internet.
  
  
• Computer Assisted Language Instruction Consortium (CALICO): A professional organization headquartered at Duke University and devoted to computer-assisted language learning (CALL), CALICO emphasizes "modern language teaching and learning, but reaches out to all areas that employ the languages of the world to instruct and to learn. CALICO is a recognized international clearinghouse and leader in computer-assisted learning and instruction."
  
  
• Conference List -- Linguistics and Related Topics: A service of the Language and Technology Centre of the National Languages and Literacy Institute of Australia Ltd. at the University of Queensland, this Web site is a descriptive, chronological listing conferences, seminars, and symposia on linguistics and related topics: "Where Web sites have been given, we have attempted to hyperlink this document to the sites. As of the April '96 edition, we also include the mailto: function so that readers can e-mail the conference contact directly from this document." More conference information is available from a Web site maintained by Roy Cocrun.
  
  
• Foreign Languages for Travelers: This Web page should help travelers learn a few essentials of a given foreign language and enable basic communication. The languages featured are German, English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Russian, Dutch, Hungarian, Polish, Czech, Romanian, Turkish, Swedish, Finnish, Norwegian, Danish, Icelandic, and Esperanto. The site also includes links to pages which feature other languages, including Japanese, Chinese, and Hebrew.
  
  
• Human-Languages Page: Maintained by Tyler Jones, this comprehensive and impressive Web site is devoted to bringing together information about the languages of the world. The language resources accessible from this site come from all over the world, and range from dictionaries to language tutorials and spoken samples of languages. If you are accessing the World Wide Web from Europe, you may want to try the Human-Languages Page mirror site in the United Kingdom.
  
  
• Linguistic Data Consortium: Founded in 1992 and hosted by the University of Pennsylvania, the Linguistic Data Consortium is "an open consortium of universities, companies and government research laboratories. It creates, collects and distributes speech and text databases, lexicons, and other resources for research and development purposes."
  
  
• List of Language Lists: Created and maintained by Bernard Comrie and Michael Everson, this Web site -- also known as The Computer Bulletin Boards for Individual Languages -- provides a comprehensive, annotated listing of electronic discussion lists "devoted primarily to the linguistic study of individual languages and groups of languages." The site also provides instructions for retrieving via e-mail a "directory of scholarly electronic conferences" maintained by Diane K. Kovacs -- material which includes "instructions for getting more detailed descriptions of particular sets of electronic conferences."
  
  
• Rivendel's Language Dictionaries and Translators: Rivendel's Web site offers an impressive and extensive selection of on-line language dictionaries and translators. In addition, the site offers links to other valuable resources, including a free translation service (five languages, via e-mail); a multilingual dictionary of Internet terminology; and, an Internet/computer glossary in French.
  
  
• Say...: Created by Axel Belinfante, Say... is a WWW interface to the rsynth text-to-speech translator, developed by Nick Ing-Simmons. Visitors to this intriguing Web site can enter a sentence, which is passed through the rsynth text-to-speech translator. The results can be strange, but the possibilties are intriguing.
  
  
• Yamada Language Center: A service of the University of Oregon, this Web site offers a wide range of resources for students and teachers of languages. The site features information about the Yamada Language Center; language guides (including an archive of non-English fonts; links to language-related Web sites; and an annotated list of language-related news groups); foreign language teaching resources; and archives of interest to teachers and learners of foreign languages.